Catiline Has Left!

As the title of this oration suggests, Catiline has finally left Rome. On November 9th, 63 B.C., Cicero gave this oration, once again criticizing Catiline. For this oration, Cicero spoke on the Rostra in the Roman Forum,
which was essentially a stage for speeches. There is a particular difference between the first oration and this oration, however, which is that this oration is being given to the citizens of Rome rather than the Senate.

"Sed cur diu de uno hoste lquimur, et de eo hsote qui iam fatetur se esse hostem...de his qui dissimulant, qui Romae remanent, qui nobiscum sunt, nihil dicimus?" Here, Cicero brings up the idea about how they only talk about Catiline, but there are so many other criminals (and conspirators who probably have the same agenda as Catiline) that are still in Rome. This was a issue because Catiline has already left Rome and so he is less of a threat!

"Quos quidem ego, si ullo modo fieri possit, non tam ulcisci studeo quam sanare sibi ipsos, placare rei publicae neque id quare fieri non possit, si iam me audire volent, intellego." Later on in the oration, Cicero brings up what they should do with conspirators still in Rome. He believes that instead of punishing them for their crime, he wants to cure them (to change them). So far, it appears that Cicero is probably against a "an eye for an eye" type of government and believes that everyone can change for the better.

"Exponam enim vobis, Quirites, ex quibus generibua hominum istae copiae comparentur; deinde singulis medicinam consili atque orationis meae, si quam potero, afferam." Ending this oration, Cicero tells his "fellow citizens" that he wants to get medicine to cure the conspirators. Not only does this make him look like "Good
Guy Cicero", but it shows that he thinks the conspirators are simply ill and can be cured.

Catiline had a total of six different classes that belonged to him:
- "One class consists of those who, although in great debt, have even greater possessions, influenced by the love of which, they cannot possibly clear themselves of debt." This class would most likely be the "rich" class.
- "The second class consists of those who...are anxious to acquire political control..." This class would most likely be the politically ambitious people.
- "The third class is already affected with age but still vigorous through training; to this class belongs that Manlius whose place Catiline is now taking." This class would most likely be consisting of the "elders" of the society who may hold a lot of influence.
- "The fourth class is indeed varied, confused, and disorderly; these men have long been overwhelmed by debt; they never get their heads above water; part of them because of laziness, others because of badly managed business..." This class of people would most likely be the "middle class", consisting of people who slave away working everyday and have never really accomplished anything.
- "The fifth class consists of murderers, assassins, and, in short, criminals of all sorts." This fifth class simply consists of criminals; Cicero notes that this is one of Catiline's type of people whom he won't even both to "heal".
- "Now the last class is...Catiline's own, of his own choosing, nay rather, his bosom friends..." This last class is essentially Catiline's personal posse, consisting of gamblers, adulterers, and "thugs".